Louvre
Museum (French: Musée du Louvre; English: the Louvre Museum) is one of the
largest museums, art museums most visited and a historic monument in the world.
The Louvre Museum is located in the Rive DroiteSeine, the first arrondissement
in Paris, France. Nearly 35,000 objects from prehistory to the 19th century
exhibited over an area of 60,600 square meters.
The
museum is housed in the Louvre Palace (Palais du Louvre) which was originally a
fortress built in the 12th century under the reign of Philip II. Remnants of
the fort can be seen in the basement of the museum. The building was expanded
several times to form the present Louvre Palace. In 1682, Louis XIV chose the
Palace of Versailles as a private residence, leaving the Louvre henceforth
serve as a place to display collections of the kingdom. [5] In 1692, in the
building occupied by the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres and the
Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture. Académie remained at the Louvre
over the next 100 years. During the French Revolution, the French National
Assembly specifies that the Louvre should be used as a museum to showcase the
works of the nation.
The
museum was opened on August 10, 1793 with 537 exhibiting paintings. The
majority of the work is derived from property confiscated church and royal
French government. Because of structural problems with the building, the museum
was closed in 1796 until 1801. The number of museum collections increased under
the reign of Napoleon and the museum was renamed the Musée Napoléon. After the
defeat of Napoleon in the Battle of Waterloo, most of the works were seized by
the troops returned to their original owners. This museum collections increased
again during the reign of Louis XVIII and Charles X, and during the Second French
Empire, the museum managed to obtain 20,000 collections. The museum's
collection continues to grow with donations and gifts continue to increase
since the days of the Third French Republic. In 2008, the museum's collection
is divided into eight curatorial departments: collection of ancient Egyptian
antiquities from the Near East, Greek, Etruscan civilization, Roman, Islamic
Art, Sculpture, Decorative Arts, Art, Prints and Photo Art.
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